Agences de notation : la SNCF et RFF dégradés

18/01/2012

Après avoir abaissé les notes de neuf pays de la zone euro, l’agence de notation Standard and Poor’s a remis en cause le 17 janvier les évaluations de plusieurs entreprises publiques, en avertissant que d’autres allaient suivre. La SNCF a ainsi vu sa note passer de AA+ à AA, Réseau ferré de France perd son triple AAA+ pour passer à AA+, ou encore EDF et sa filiale RTE rétrograde de AA à A+. Ces décisions sont la conséquence directe de la perte du triple A par la France, puisque la note des entreprises publiques est en relation directe avec la très forte probabilité que l’Etat actionnaire ou l’autorité de tutelle vienne à son secours. L’affaiblissement de ce dernier se répercute donc sur leur notation. Si la SNCF s’est refusée à tout commentaire, RFF note qu’elle reste notée AAA par les agences Fitch et Moody’s. Le gestionnaire des infrastructures rappelle que l’évolution de sa note n’impactera pas les péages 2012 et 2013 et ne devrait pas avoir d’impact immédiat. Mais il reconnaît toutefois qu’une « vigilance accrue » est nécessaire sur le montant de ses recettes et de ses dépenses à venir. D’où cette conclusion qui valide selon lui sa stratégie : « Le réseau ferroviaire doit améliorer ses performances. Le contexte économique renforce la pertinence des efforts de maîtrise des coûts de maintenance et d’exploitation du réseau que RFF a entrepris depuis 2008. » Quant à la RATP, elle n’a pas été touchée par cette salve de dégradations car, explique-t-elle, « elle n’est pas cliente de Standard and Poor’s ». En revanche, précise un porte-parole, elle affiche « un triple A chez Fitch et Moody’s ».

M.-H. P.

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